As Senate Democrats debate the House bill passed on Tuesday that would fund the government through Sept. 30, one flashpoint will be the legislation’s impact on Washington, D.C. While the measure slightly decreases federal spending overall, it forces a crippling cut of more than $1 billion from the remaining six months of the District of Columbia’s budget.

The House measure comes at a time when President Trump has floated a federal takeover of D.C. and Republicans have tried to weigh in on local bills, curbing the city’s independence. The current spending bill could force layoffs at schools, the Police Department and other critical city agencies, compounding the economic troubles triggered by the administration’s federal work force cuts.

Local officials point out that the city collected the tax revenue necessary to cover its 2025 $21.2 billion operating budget, so the congressional measure, if passed, would simply stop Washington from spending money it already has on the priorities it has deemed necessary to keep the city safe and prosperous. Representative Eleanor Holmes Norton, a Democrat who represents the District of Columbia as a delegate, but has no vote in the House, referred to the omission as “nothing less than fiscal sabotage of D.C.”

Mayor Muriel E. Bowser has tried to strike a balancing act, taking a diplomatic approach toward Mr. Trump and pledging to work with him on shared priorities. She said on Monday that the spending cut would “work against a priority that President Trump and I share, and that is to make Washington, D.C., the best, most beautiful city in the world.”

Here’s what to know about the proposed freeze on D.C.’s budget.

Washington’s ability to govern itself has been limited for a long time. Under a law that established “home rule” in Washington more than 50 years ago, Congress maintains power over the city, including final approval over its laws and annual budget.

But Washington generates most of its own money: It gets about 75 percent of its funding through local revenue. Another 24 percent comes through federal grants, while less than 1 percent comes from direct federal funds.

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